In the case of Kololo, the LoRa gateway is a Laird Sentrius gateway, and the LoRa transmitters are KELLER’s own ADT1 LoRa modem. A KELLER Series 36XW digital [[723|level sensor]] is connected to the modem, measuring pressure and temperature.

The ADT1 retrieves the data from the level sensor and transmits it, together with [[800|barometric pressure]] and air temperature, to the LoRa gateway. Finally, the LoRa gateway forwards all the data via the internet to KELLER’s «PressureSuite Cloud» where it is stored. Data can be viewed in the «PressureSuite Cloud» web app, with additional features including exporting and printing of data, converting data to other units or even tank content calculations, among others.

Installation

Installation and set-up took some time, as it required finding precisely the right transmitting power, without overpowering. Given the location, it would be difficult to return to change batteries, for example.

After installation and set-up, the system started measuring every hour.

A day later, the data showed a downward sloping chart. Inspection of the difference between two measurements during the night showed a difference of approximately 100 l/hour. A leak was the only possible cause. An inspection found that one of the pipe threads was partly pulled out of junction in one of the tanks, causing leakage. Thus, the system proved itself after just one day. Consideration is now being given to extending the system with a KELLER Series 26X digital level sensor for the borehole, in order to monitor basic water stock.

Kololo’s electricity system

Although Kololo is connected to an electricity network, it has a diesel generator for back-up power.

The diesel tanks run the risk of water ingress during refilling. There is also the risk of diesel being stolen, and often-times thieves will fill the tanks with water to compensate. For a diesel generator this can be a catastrophe as water in an engine will cause major damage with high repair costs.

As a LoRa system cannot measure faster than once every 15 minutes, detecting a change of the diesel level with just a level sensor might not always work if the level is compensated with water to the old level. However, based on conductivity it is possible to detect a change in the mixture. Water is heavier than diesel and has a different conductivity. The change in conductivity represents the presence of water in the diesel tank. Kololo therefore opted to install a KELLER Series 36XiW-CTD. This digital combined level and conductivity sensor.

Eau et Environnement

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